利用Shell开发跳板机功能脚本案例
开发企业级Shell跳板机案例。要求用户登录到跳板机仅能执行管理员给定的选项动作,不允许以任何形式中断脚本到跳板机服务器上执行任何系统命令。
方法1:
1)首先做好SSH密钥验证(跳板机地址172.16.1.200)。
以下操作命令在所有机器上操作:
[root@Yum-CK ~]# useradd qiuyuetao #<==要在所有机器上操作。
[root@Yum-CK ~]# echo 123456|passwd --stdin qiuyuetao #<==要在所有机器上操作。
Changingpassword for user qiuyuetao
passwd:all authentication tokens updated successfully.
以下操作命令仅在跳板机上操作:
[root@Yum-CK ~]# su - qiuyuetao
[root@Yum-CK ~]# ssh-keygen -t dsa -P '' -f ~/.ssh/id_dsa >/dev/null 2>&1 #<==生成密钥对。< code="">
[jump@oldboy~]$ ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub 192.168.33.130 #<==将公钥分发到其他服务器。< code="">
#如果ssh端口 不是22 ,可以使用 -p参数 如下:
[root@Admin webdate]# ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub "-p 5180 服务器IP"
Theauthenticity of host '192.168.33.130 (192.168.33.130)' can't be established.
RSA keyfingerprint is fd:2c:0b:81:b0:95:c3:33:c1:45:6a:1c:16:2f:b3:9a.
Are yousure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning:Permanently added '192.168.33.130' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
jump@192.168.33.130'spassword:
Now trylogging into the machine, with "ssh '192.168.33.130'", and check in:
.ssh/authorized_keys
to makesure we haven't added extra keys that you weren't expecting.
[jump@oldboy~]$ ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub 192.168.33.129 #<==将公钥分发到其他服务器。< code="">
Theauthenticity of host '192.168.33.129 (192.168.33.129)' can't be established.
RSA keyfingerprint is fd:2c:0b:81:b0:95:c3:33:c1:45:6a:1c:16:2f:b3:9a.
Are yousure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning:Permanently added '192.168.33.129' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
jump@192.168.33.129'spassword:
Now trylogging into the machine, with "ssh '192.168.33.129'", and check in:
.ssh/authorized_keys
to makesure we haven't added extra keys that you weren't expecting.
2)实现传统的远程连接菜单选择脚本。
菜单脚本如下:
cat <<menu
1)LB01-172.16.1.200
2)exit
menu
3)利用linux信号防止用户中断信号在跳板机上操作。
functiontrapper () {
trap ':' INT EXIT TSTP TERM HUP #<==屏蔽这些信号。< code="">
}
4)用户登录跳板机后即调用脚本(不能命令行管理跳板机),并只能按管理员的要求选单。
以下为实战内容。
脚本放在跳板机上:
4.1 将pofifle.d目录下创建,登录用户就自动执行的jump.sh 脚本
[root@Yum-CK ~]# echo '[ $UID -ne 0 ] && . /server/scripts/jump.sh'>/etc/profile.d/jump.sh
[root@Yum-CK ~]# cat /etc/profile.d/jump.sh
#!/bin/sh
[ $UID -ne 0 ] && . /server/scripts/jump.sh
#判断如果不是root用户,就执行jump.sh,然后调用/server/scripts/jump.sh脚本
4.2 编写跳板机主脚本
#!/bin/sh
#oldboy training
trapper(){
trap ':' INT EXIT TSTP TERM HUP #<==定义需要屏蔽的信号,冒号表示啥都不做。
}
main(){
while :
do
trapper
clear
cat<<menu
1)LB01-172.16.1.200
menu
read -p"Pls input a num.:" num
case "$num" in
1)
echo 'login in LB01.'
ssh 172.16.1.200
;;
110)
read -p "your birthday:" char
if [ "$char" = "0926" ];then
exit
sleep 3
fi
;;
*)
echo "select error."
esac
done
}
main
执行效果如下:
root@oldboy~]# su - qiuyuetao #<==切到普通用户即弹出菜单,工作中直接用qiuyuetao登录,即弹出菜单。
1) LB01-172.16.1.200
Pls inputa num.:1 #<==选1进入LB01 服务器。
login in192.168.33.129.
Lastlogin: Tue Oct 11 17:23:52 2016 from 192.168.33.128
[jump@littleboy~]$ #<==按ctrl+d退出到跳板机服务器再次弹出菜单。
1) LB01-172.16.1.200
[jump@oldgirl~]$ #<==按ctrl+d退出到跳板机服务器再次弹出菜单。
1) LB01-172.16.1.200
Pls inputa num.:110 #<==选110进入跳板机命令提示符。
yourbirthday:0926 #<==需要输入特别码才能进入的,这里管理员通道,密码要保密呦。
[root@oldboyscripts]# #<==跳板机管理命令行。
顺感谢老男孩老师基于的教导。
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